Fundamentals of Electronic Components

Introduction: Electronic Components? It is nothing more than components represented by resistors, capacitors, inductors, diodes, transistors, etc. that often appear in circuits. This article provides a detailed explanation of the basic knowledge of electronic components. Please drift by

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1、 Fundamentals of Electronic Components - Resistors

Resistance, with the symbol R and unit in ohms, is a current limiting element that represents the magnitude of the resistance of a conductor to current. It can be divided into wire wound resistors, carbon film resistors, fuse resistors, sensitive resistors, and so on. Sensitive resistors can be further divided into varistors, photoresistors, thermistors, and so on based on their sensitive characteristics. It is now widely used in various circuits, playing different roles such as voltage division, shunt, impedance matching, filtering, etc.

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2、 Fundamentals of Electronic Components - Capacitors

A capacitor, with the symbol C and the unit in faradas, is a container for storing electricity. It is composed of two metal plates and a layer of insulating medium, and has the characteristic of "passing AC and blocking DC". In a circuit, it has multiple functions such as coupling, filtering, decoupling, resonance, bypass, neutralization, differentiation, integration, etc. Like resistors, it is an electronic component that can be seen everywhere in a circuit.

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3、 Fundamentals of Electronic Components - Inductors

Inductance, with the symbol L and the unit Henry, is a component that can convert electrical energy into magnetic energy and store it, also known as a choke, reactor, etc. The inductor completes the function of blocking current changes; When there is no current flowing through the inductor, it will attempt to block the desired current; When there is current flowing through, it will attempt to maintain the current flowing through unchanged. It has the characteristic of "direct current, resistance to AC" and often appears in the form of LC circuits together with capacitors.

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4、 Fundamentals of Electronic Components - Diodes

A diode is a device with only two electrodes, essentially a PN junction composed of a P-type semiconductor and an N-type semiconductor. It has the characteristic of "forward conduction and reverse cutoff", allowing only a single direction of current flow, and can complete various functions such as rectification, detection, and voltage stabilization in the circuit. According to their different uses, they can also be divided into rectifier diodes, detector diodes, voltage regulator diodes, light emitting diodes, switching diodes, and other types.

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5、 Fundamentals of Electronic Components - Transistors

A transistor is a device with three electrodes, also known as a bipolar transistor or crystal transistor. Essentially, two PN junctions on a semiconductor substrate separate it into a base region, an emission region, and a collector region, leading to the three electrodes of the base, transmitter, and collector. According to the structure, it can be divided into NPN and PNP types.

Triode is a semiconductor device that controls current through current amplification, switching, substitution, and other functions. It is now widely used in various circuits.

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